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1. #ADMINISTRATOR X WINDOW SYSTEM32 CMD EXECUTIVE HOW TO#
2. #ADMINISTRATOR X WINDOW SYSTEM32 CMD EXECUTIVE SOFTWARE#
3. #ADMINISTRATOR X WINDOW SYSTEM32 CMD EXECUTIVE WINDOWS#

This privilege causes the system to grant all write access control to any file, regardless of the ACL specified for the file. SeRestorePrivilege Description: Required to perform restore operations.Attacker Tradecraft: Persistence Defense Evasion SeLoadDriverPrivilege Description: Required to load or unload a device driver.Attacker Tradecraft: Privilege Escalation Defense Evasion Credential Access SeDebugPrivilege Description: Required to debug and adjust the memory of a process owned by another account.Attacker Tradecraft: Privilege Escalation SeCreateTokenPrivilege Description: Required to create a primary token.SeBackupPrivilege Description: This privilege causes the system to grant all read access control to any file, regardless of the access control list (ACL) specified for the file.

#ADMINISTRATOR X WINDOW SYSTEM32 CMD EXECUTIVE SOFTWARE#

While many of these privileges can be abused, the following are the most commonly abused privilege constants in malicious software and attacker tradecraft: These privileges can be assigned directly to a user or inherited via group membership. Microsoft provides documentation outlining the privilege constants in Windows. Presence of a restricted SID will result in a call to produce a new access token with reduced privileges.Īn example of the restricted access token can be seen in the following screenshot: Restricted access tokens allow the system to remove privileges, add deny-only access control entries, or perform other access rights changes.Īssuming User Account Control (UAC) is running during the initial token creation process, LSA will attempt to identify if the user is a member of a privileged group or has been granted a sensitive privilege using functionality similar to the IsTokenRestricted function. Restricted tokens (also known as a filtered admin token) are a subset of primary or impersonation tokens that have been modified to control privileges or permissions. The executing server-side thread includes an impersonation token for the user in addition to the thread’s primary token, and uses the impersonation token to perform access checks for the user’s actions. For example, when a user accesses an SMB file share, the server needs a copy of the user’s token to validate that the user has sufficient permissions. Impersonation tokens are typically used in client/server communication. Impersonation allows for a thread to perform an operation using an access token from another user or client. Primary tokens function as described and are used to present the default security information for a process or thread. This token is used by to perform access checks when accessing securable objects or performing privileged actions within the operating system.Īccess tokens may exist as primary tokens or impersonation tokens. Reference: Microsoft Security Principals DocumentationĮvery process or thread created by a user inherits a copy of their token. User Access Token and a Securable Object. The access token includes the user’s security identifier (SID), group SIDs, privileges, integrity level, and other security-relevant information.

They are granted to authorized users by the Local Security Authority (LSA). Access tokensĪccess tokens are the foundation of all authorization decisions for securable resources hosted on the operating system.

Below, we walk through the most important concepts to understand if you want to better defend against abuse.

#ADMINISTRATOR X WINDOW SYSTEM32 CMD EXECUTIVE WINDOWS#

Microsoft provides a detailed explanation of Windows privileges in their Access Control documentation. It’s important to distinguish between privileges (which apply to system-related resources) and access rights (which apply to securable objects).

Introduction to Windows privilegesĪ privilege is a right granted to an account to perform privileged operations within the operating system.

#ADMINISTRATOR X WINDOW SYSTEM32 CMD EXECUTIVE HOW TO#

We walk through the key concepts a defender needs to understand to protect privileges, and provide an example on how to improve security through auditing, detection strategies, and targeted privilege removal. In this blog post, we give a brief introduction to privileges and share our recommendations for detecting and preventing their abuse.

Defenders who understand privileges and how attackers may abuse them can enhance their detection and attack surface reduction capabilities. As the name suggests, privileges grant rights for accounts to perform privileged operations within the operating system: debugging, impersonation, etc. Privileges are an important native security control in Windows.